First 22 Fin keel

Sailboat specifications

The First 22 is a 21’7” (6.58m) cruiser-racer sailboat designed by Groupe Finot (France). She was built between 1978 and 1983 by Bénéteau (France) with 763 hulls completed. The Fin keel version adopts a classical fin configuration, the easiest option to provide a low center of gravity.

The First 22 is as well listed, on Boat-Specs.com, in Swing keel version (see all the versions compared).

First 22's main features

Model: First 22
Version: Fin keel
Hull type: Monohull
Category: Cruiser-racer sailboat
Sailboat builder: Bénéteau
Sailboat designer: Groupe Finot
Sailboat range: First
Country: France
Construction: GRP (glass reinforced polyester):
- Hull: Single skin fiberglass polyester
- Deck: Sandwich balsa fiberglass polyester
Number of hulls built: 763
First built hull: 1978
Last built hull: 1983
Appendages: Keel : fin without bulb
Helm: Single tiller
Rudder: Single transom hung rudder
Unsinkable: No
Trailerable: Yes
Former French navigation category: 3
Standard public price ex. VAT (indicative only): N/A €

First 22's main dimensions

Overall length: 22’ 10”6.95 m
Hull length: 21’ 7”6.58 m
Waterline length: 19’5.8 m
Beam (width): 8’ 2”2.5 m
Waterline beam (width): 6’ 8”2.05 m
Draft: 3’ 6”1.08 m
Mast height from D_WL: 28’ 4”8.62 m
Fore freeboard: 2’ 7”0.8 m
Mid-ship freeboard: 2’ 4”0.69 m
Light displacement (M_LC): 3020 lb1370 kg
Maximum displacement (M_LDC): 3946 lb1790 kg
Ballast weight: 882 lb400 kg
Ballast type: Cast iron
French customs tonnage: 3.59 Tx

First 22's rig and sails

Upwind sail area: 280 ft²26.05 m²
Downwind sail area: 493 ft²45.83 m²
Mainsail area: 106 ft²9.83 m²
Genoa area: 175 ft²16.22 m²
Jib area: 79 ft²7.3 m²
Stormjib area: 42 ft²3.9 m²
Symmetric spinnaker area: 388 ft²36 m²
I iFore triangle height (from mast foot to fore stay top attachment): 24’7.3 m
J iFore triangle base (from mast foot to bottom of forestay): 8’ 10”2.67 m
P iMainsail hoist measurement (from tack to head): 22’ 6”6.85 m
E iMainsail foot measurement (from tack to clew): 7’ 11”2.4 m
Rigging type: Sloop Marconi masthead
Mast configuration: Deck stepped mast
Rotating spars: No
Number of levels of spreaders: 1
Spreaders angle: 0 °
Spars construction: Aluminum spars
Standing rigging: 1x19 strand wire continuous

First 22's performances

IOR rating iIOR, or International Offshore Rule, was a measurement rule system used internationally for ocean racing. It allows boats of different sizes and designs to race each other fairly. Therefore, by comparing these values, we can have an indication of the relative speed of 2 boats.: 16.3
HN (French rating) iHN or "Handicap Nationale" is an empirical rating system used in France allowing various monohulls, of different sizes and designs, to race each other fairly. It is particularly suitable for cruiser and cruiser-racer. Therefore, by comparing these values, we can have an indication of the relative speed of 2 boats.: 7.0
Upwind sail area to displacement iThe ratio sail area to displacement is obtained by dividing the sail area by the boat's displaced volume to the power two-thirds. The ratio sail area to displacement can be used to compare the relative sail plan of different sailboats no matter what their size. Upwind: under 18 the ratio indicates a cruise oriented sailboat with limited performances especially in light wind, while over 25 it indicates a fast sailboat.: 227 ft²/T21.12 m²/T
Downwind sail area to displacement iThe ratio sail area to displacement is obtained by dividing the sail area by the boat's displaced volume to the power two-thirds. The ratio sail area to displacement can be used to compare the relative sail plan of different sailboats no matter what their size.: 400 ft²/T37.15 m²/T
Displacement-length ratio (DLR) iThe Displacement Length Ratio (DLR) is a figure that points out the boat's weight compared to its waterline length. The DLR is obtained by dividing the boat's displacement in tons by the cube of one one-hundredth of the waterline length (in feet). The DLR can be used to compare the relative mass of different sailboats no matter what their length: a DLR less than 180 is indicative of a really light sailboat (race boat made for planning), while a DLR greater than 300 is indicative of a heavy cruising sailboat.: 199
Ballast ratio iThe Ballast ratio is an indicator of stability; it is obtained by dividing the boat's displacement by the mass of the ballast. Since the stability depends also of the hull shapes and the position of the center of gravity, only the boats with similar ballast arrangements and hull shapes should be compared. The higher the ballast ratio is, the greater is the stability.: 29 %
Wetted area: 114 ft²10.55 m²
Maximum transverse section: 6 ft²0.58 m²
Critical hull speed iAs a ship moves in the water, it creates standing waves that oppose its movement. This effect increases dramatically the resistance when the boat reaches a speed-length ratio (speed-length ratio is the ratio between the speed in knots and the square root of the waterline length in feet) of about 1.2 (corresponding to a Froude Number of 0.35) . This very sharp rise in resistance, between speed-length ratio of 1.2 to 1.5, is insurmountable for heavy sailboats and so becomes an apparent barrier. This leads to the concept of "hull speed". The hull speed is obtained by multiplying the square root of the waterline length (in feet) by 1.34.: 5.85 knots